Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology
Volume (14), Issue (2), Year (2026), Pages (77-90)
DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2026-14-02-/77-90,
Research Article By:
Noor Abdullah Odhaib, Basim Jaber Abbas
Corresponding author E-mail: noor.a.o.civil.msc.@mu.edu.iq
ABSTRACT
Reinforced concrete (RC) columns are fundamental components in structural systems. Vertical loads are transferred from the top of the structure to the foundation. Due to exposure to various environmental and structural factors such as bearing capacity, seismicity, and corrosion of rebars, columns are susceptible to performance degradation or loss of load-bearing capacity. Therefore, the application of strengthening techniques has become crucial for restoring column efficiency and improving their structural behavior. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in strengthening methods, including the utilize of advanced combined like fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP), in addition to ferrocement and other strengthening techniques. These modern methods offer an attractive alternative to traditional methods involving concrete and steel jackets. All these techniques increase the column’s resistance to compressive, shear, and buckling forces, and also aim to improve the ductility and stiffness of the element as a whole. Environmental conditions, the nature of the damage, design requirements, feasibility of implementation, and cost are important factors in selecting the appropriate techniques. This review aims to study traditional and modern techniques used in RC columns, analyze the operating principle of each technique, and examine the factors affecting its effectiveness. Its performance and usage limits provide a knowledge base that contributes to improving design and engineering decisions in this vital field. The literature shows that modern reinforcement technologies, especially using FRP, fundamentally transform the seismic response of RC columns by promote lateral confinement, increasing energy dissipation and ductility, while transforming the failure pattern from brittle attitude to safer ductile attitude, but their efficiency remains limited by the quality of bonding with concrete and the effects of the environment, where the separation (Debonding) is the most prominent challenge in long-term performance.
Keywords:
Column, Jacketing, Modern, Seismic, Strengthening, Techniques.