Volume 8, Issue 1, Aug. 2020, Pages 01-09

Research Article:

Ameera Jaleel Ahmed

Sabah Mohamed abd Mosehab

University of Babylon/ Faculty of Engineering/ Architecture Department

E-mail addresses: ameera_jaleel @ yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The present work is about an organized crime which is considered a serious phenomenon that generally comes upon the world and especially in the Iraqi area. In recent decades, Al- Hilla City has suffered from spread variety of crimes, which lead the citizens to lack the sense of security. For this reason, it is seen it is significant to study this phenomenon with a new parallel phenomenon which causes their appearance. In addition, it is thought that this topic has not been tackled yet. The problem of the study lies in the lack of holistic scientific knowledge about the role of the synthetic properties of spatial organization for the city of Al- Hilla in crime growing. The study aims at establishing a holistic knowledge of that role. To deal with the problem of the research, an inductive approach (descriptive- analytical) has been adopted. The data is got from the responsible security institutions and is analyzed through invest the calculation method (space syntax).

The results of the research showed that there are four areas ((4 zones) where crime is concentrated in the city and the growth of crime is related to the change of the synthetic characteristics of spatial organization (Connectivity, control, and Integration) of urban space. On the other hand, the diversity of crime in urban areas is related to other parallel phenomena and not to the structural characteristics of urban space.

Keywords: Urban Environment, Spatial organization, Connectivity, Integration, control

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Research Article:

Jenan H. Hemeidan
Ali H. Abbar

Chemical Engineering Department -Faculty of Engineering – University of Al-Qadisiyah-Iraq

E-mail addresses: hussainjenan@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The simultaneous removal of copper and cadmium from a simulated wastewater using rotating tubular packed bed of woven screens electrode was investigated. The effect of weight present of each metal on the removal efficiency and current efficiency was studied. The experiments were carried out at current 1.5 A, rotation speed 450 rpm, pH=2, and total concentration of metals (300 ppm) at different weight percent of each metal. The results showed that the removal efficiency of copper increased from 93.5 % to 99.33% as its weight percent increased from 20% to100%. In a similar fashion, the removal efficiency of cadmium increased from 80% to 90% as its weight percent increased from 20% to100 %. The results confirmed that the removal efficiency of any metals decreased in the presence of other metal. The results established that current efficiency for the simultaneous removal of copper and cadmium decreased with increasing of electrolysis time and Cd percent weight or decreasing of Cu weight percent. Current efficiency is higher at the initial stage of electrolysis and then declined with increasing time for all weight percent of metals.

Keywords:  Copper, Cadmium, Three-dimensional electrodes, Rotating cylinder electrode, Woven screens, Electrodeposition

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Research Article:

Haider Araby Ibrahim

Mohammed Bally Mahdi
Basim Jabbar Abbas

Civil Engineering Department, Al-Muthanna University, Samawa, IRAQ

E-mail addresses: arabyhaider@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study aims to progress brittleness of the high strength lightweight aggregate concrete (HSLWAC) by using Porcelinite stone as light weight aggregates and silica fume with water cement ratio 0.28 to give 41.34 MPa compressive strength at 28-days and reinforced with carbon fibers. Fifteen mixtures using in this work with three various lengths of (5mm, 10mm, and 20mm), five mixes for every length with volume fractions (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2%) of carbon fibers. The slump test, compression strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity were investigated to determine the mechanical properties of (HSLWAC). The density of reference (HSLWAC) that was get through the experimental work was (1835 Kg/m3) at (28) days. The results shown that at general, the brittleness of (HSLWAC) improved with increased the content and length of carbon fibers, The optimum properties was for mix (L5) of 20mm length and 2% of carbon fibers of 45.44 MPa, 3.21MPa ,and 6.97MPa for compression strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength respectively.

Keywords: Light weight high strength concrete, Carbon Fibers, Silica Fume, compressive strength.

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Research Article:

Gufran A. Hassan

Jawad A. Hassan

department of electronic and communication engineering,University of
Baghdad Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, Baghdad –Iraq

E-mail addresses: gofabdh@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

A nanoantenna is designed to transform high frequency into energy. The proposed antenna is made of aluminum. are shaped with a pair of nanoparticles brought in close nearness. Antennas separated by small gap sprinted on a Si layer, which is designed as a flat-edge bowtie, with a ground plane at the under most of the substrate with a feeding putting in the gap of the bowtie antenna. The proposed antenna is designed using 3D￾electromagnetic solver (CST) programs and analyzed for the optimization of metal thickness, gap size, and geometrical length. Simulations are conducted to investigate the behavior of the nanoantenna illuminated by the linearly polarized plane wave. The nanoantenna parameters such as substrate
thickness, feeding size, feeding type, and feeding material were changed to select the most efficient nanoantenna with a large directivity in our reaserch find the nanoantenna make a high electric field enhancement in their gap region. This specialty can be employed for SERS or bioventing to improve
the detection limit and measure the presence of single molecules. For this, it is necessary to create antennas with enough small gaps, to be capable to recompense for the defects created during the fabrication process and reach antenna characteristics that are close to the ones presage by simulations.
The numerical simulations are studied to improve the best E-field of the antenna within the 250–700 THz frequency range. The proposed antenna offers multiple-resonance frequencies and good return loss in the frequency band of 310 THz, as well as an output electric field of 5.48 v/m to 7.8 v/m. Upon changing the type of feeding in the gap (without feeding, air feeding, dielectric silicon, or feeding),and we find that when using the air between the gap, the S-parameter is (-12.9) dB at the resonance frequency of (531.3) THz
and the directivity is 7.41 dB at 666 THz incident frequency.

Keywords: electric field, plasmonic, s-parameter, directivity.

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Research Article:

Sarmad Sh. Abdulqader^a, Ragheed F. makki^b and Mohanad W. Mousa^{c *}

^a Assistant Professor, Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology.

^b Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa.

^c Postgraduate Student at Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology

E-mail addresses: mzad2010@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an experimental study of structural behavior of self-compacting reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear by inclined CFRP strips. The experimental work consists of casting and testing of nine simply supported reinforced concrete beams. In this study, three parameters were considered, the configuration of CFRP sheets wrapping system, i.e two sides and U-shape, effect of horizontal strap of CFRP strips and CFRP strengthening area. The results showed that the presence of the horizontal strap of CFRP strips on the inclined strips increases the shear strength and the ultimate carrying load capacity by 8 to 15% and 7 to 10%, respectively in compare with the wrapping system of the CFRP strips.

Keywords:  Self-Compacting Concrete, shear strength, Reinforced Concrete, CFRP Strips

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Research Article:

                             أ.م. د وحدة شكر الحنكاوي¹, محمود حسين محمد علي²

الجامعة التكنولوجية/ قسم هندسة العمارة¹, جامعة الكوفة/ كلية التخطيط العمراني²

E-mail addresses: wahdahankawi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Cities pass through several transformations during their stages of development, the most influential was the one that accompanied the industrial revolution and modernity, resulting in scattered structures, functional requirements and industrial activities that affected cities spatially. The advancement of knowledge, technological development, innovation, and industrial progress in the post-industrial era had a great impact on the adoption of more technological applications in conjunction with the global transformations and globalization, this has resulted in the phenomenon of neglected buildings. which has been reflected in buildings, structures, industrial zones, and the quality of urban fabric, and its scene, from which the problem of research was identified as “lack of cognitive perception showing the impact of neglected buildings on the urbans cape “. In order to address the research’s problem, a comprehensive theoretical framework was developed for the concept of abandoned buildings, the main reasons, levels of abandonment, and neglect in general. The most important suggestions the impact the quality of the urbans cape, in particular, the research has reached special conclusions, recommendations, procedures and requirements for the owners of buildings to achieve and reduce its negative impact on the urban-scape.

Keywords: Abandoned Buildings, Urban-Scape, Urban Fabric, Urban Decomposition.

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Research Article:

Ali K. Khtar^a, Dr Jamal A. Khudhair^a

^aCivil Engineering Department, Engineering College, university of Basrah , Iraq

E-mail addresses: alikadrkhatar1986@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study investigates (experimentally and analytically) “the flexural behavior of six T-section beams cast with self-compacting concrete (SCC) which contain recycled concrete aggregate as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate. The beams have two concentrated loads. Beams have two longitudinal steel ratios of (ρ1=0.0004 and ρ2=0.00077). The tested beams were divided into two groups- depending on span to effective depth (a/d) ratio the longitudinal steel ratio. Each group was casted using three type of mixtures with different RCA replacement ratio (0{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} ,50{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}, 75{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}). The SCC T-beams have (a/d) ratio of 3 and total length of (2.1 m) and all beams have gross section area of (0.504) m2. As well as ANSYS-14 program was used to analyze these beams by nonlinear finite element method. Test results showed that, when increasing the RCA replacement ratio to 50{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} the cracking load decreased by average 15.5{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and ultimate load was not affected. When increasing the RCA replacement ratio to 75{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} the cracking load and ultimate load decreased by average 31{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and 9.4{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} respectively, the deflection and crack width of the tested beams increases with increasing RCA replacement ratio, when the steel ratio increased from ρ1 to ρ2 the first cracking load and ultimate load increased by average 20.5{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and 46.2{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} respectively. The deflection and crack width of the tested beams decreases with increasing longitudinal steel ratio. The finite element model gives good agreement with the experimental results with difference within 8{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}.”

Keywords:   T-beam, Self-Compacting Concrete, Recycle Concrete Aggregate, Flexural Behavior

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Research Article:

Esraa Jassim Mohammad and Mazen Dewan Abdulla

Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Iraq

E-mail addresses: esraajm23@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a study of the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete two-way slabs with opening strengthened by Carbon Fiber Reinforced polymer sheets.

The experimental work included testing 10 specimen two-way slabs with opening, which include 4 control specimens and 6 strengthened with CFRP sheets. The dimensions of the slab specimens are (800 × 800) mm, (70) mm depth and they were made of normal strength concrete. The reinforced concrete slabs containing a single eccentric and concentric opening strengthened by CFRP sheets, has been investigated, also the behavior of unstrengthened slabs and the slab without openings has been studied. These slabs were arranged in four groups and four layouts of CFRP sheets has been considered. The slabs were tested with uniformly distributed loads and simple supports on the four edges. The results showed that the load-carrying capacities have been increased of the slabs with openings strengthened with CFRP sheets when compared with the slabs without strengthening.

Keywords:  Two way slab; Slab with openings; CFRP sheets.

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Research Article:

           عمر حازم خروفة

قسم هندسة العمارة/جامعة الموصل

E-mail addresses: omararch2003@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Sustainability concept with all its multi levels and branches is considered one of the most important concepts used within many developmental sectors today which is ruled by technological, political and economical challenges equally .The modern presentations of sustainable architecture concept has referred to the existence of many sides which are missed by many of us and classified outside  sustainable architecture concept, furthermore, most of these presentations have be raised during the second half of the last century, but the new century came with new presentations which adopted new forms of the concept, all sustainable architecture presentations referred to the possibility of applying it according to environmental, social, economical and functional considerations. Treatment of these considerations is with, first: physical relates to the tangible sides such as spaces and resources, while the second side, is behavioral connected to the humanitarian characteristics related to the concept with all its ideas and directions concerning the movement function, activity and living status, etc. The current research deals with the criticism and analysis (methods and means of applying sustainability concept in the constructions) through a descriptive analysis for all the sustainable constructions and the effect of the applying the concept on them with different forms.

Keywords:  Sustainability –  Sustainable Architecture –  Sustainable Buildings

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Research Article:

Hussein M. Ashour Al. Khuzaie^a, Ameera Mohamad Awad^a

Mohammed Fadhil Abbas^a

^aDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering,

Al Muthanna University, Iraq

E-mail addresses: hma@mu.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

This study presents results of a developed hydraulic model to the surface friction roughness (Manning’s coefficient) for the Euphrates River along 110 km within Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq. Hydraulic modeling was used a tool for determination of surface friction coefficient. A typical value of surface friction roughness for open natural channels ranges between 0.025 to 0.04 was used as an initial input data for HEC-RAS hydraulic model. while in this study the calculated value of the surface roughness was compared with those observed and it was found to be in best agreement with the modeled when using value is 0.04.

Keywords:  

Euphrates River, HEC-RAS model, Manning’s coefficient, Steady flow.

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Research Article:

Isam Mohamad Ali^a*, Ali Hadi Adheem^b

^{a, b} Karbala Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Karbala, Iraq

E-mail addresses: ali_isam@ymail.com

ABSTRACT

Historically, the flexural behavior of hybrid fiber cement composites is not completely understood using the traditional test methods. This research presents the results of an experimental investigations on a high performance cement composites (HPCC) containing both micro steel fibers (SF) and micro polypropylene fibers (PP) before and after elevated temperature exposure. The experimental program was developed to study the flexural performance (flexural strength, toughness and stiffness) under high temperature using mono and hybrid (SF) and (SF + PP) fibers. Mixtures were divided into eight different groups, with constant w/c of 0.28 and different fibers content.
Based on the results of this research, the replacing of micro (SF) in high performance cement composites by 15 % of micro (PP) fibers is recommended at high temperature exposure due to the fact that all hybrid fiber HPCC specimens show slight decreasing in flexural behavior compared to samples reinforced with 1% volume fraction of mono steel fibers after high temperature exposure.

Keywords:  flexural strength, cementitious composites, mono and hybrid fibers, elevated temp, FRC, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber.

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Research Article:

Hassan F. Faisal^a, Khearia A. Mohammed Ali^a

Electrical Engineering Department, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq

E-mail addresses: hassanfalih583@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Cathodic Protection (CP) is an effective method to reduce the corrosion of metallic structures that submerged in water or buried in soil. In order to reduce the corrosion of any structure, the voltage between the metal to be protected and a reference electrode must be controlled on a preset level called the full protection level. In this paper, a boost converter circuit and

L298N integrated circuit were used as a control system to regulate the protection voltage on a preset identified range. The boost converter has been used to raise the supply voltage, while the L298N circuit has been used to regulate the boost converter voltage automatically by adjusting the duty cycle through the Arduino microcontroller.

Before the designing and implementing of the proposed controller, the effect of some different factors should be studied to understand the nature of the system and determine the controller voltage and current ranges. These factors are: The solution temperature, The dissolved oxygen, the anode-cathode distance and the power of hydrogen. The photovoltaic array was employed to impress the electrical current to the system.

Keywords: Boost Converter, Cathodic Protection, Corrosion, Impressed Current, Solar Power.

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Research Article:

Ameen Mohammed Abd-Alsalam Selami

College of Engineering, Electrical, Department, University of Kirkuk

E-mail addresses: ameen.selami@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

It is necessary to know how a camera resolution and/or its flashlight may affect the captured image properties and features, this is essential especially for those who work in the field of image processing. If the features are modified according to the mentioned two factors, they won’t be valid for processing and analysis, therefore a study should be planed to discover the impact of the presence or absence of those two factors on image features and this was implemented by this paper. Using 11 different digital and cell phone cameras (with and without the flashlight), some histogram and texture image features showed that they change in value and level according to these factors. The Mean feature remains in the high level and does not affect when the resolution of the camera changes from the low to high resolution, but in the cell phone it almost gives medium to high levels in all cases. The Variance of an image showed that in low resolution without flashlight, the camera and cell phone give the same result which is a high level, while the Entropy feature is not affected when the device changes from the normal camera to cell phone camera. More histogram features also are studied later. Contrast feature, as being a texture feature, has a low level in high resolution without a flashlight, Energy, correlation and Homogeneity features are studied and many results were concluded to the researchers who are concerned in image processing.

Matlab 2015 and Microsoft Excel are used to complete this work

Keywords:  Image Features, Flash light, Histogram Features,Texture Features.

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Research Article:

Ala’a Hamed Emran Al-Husseini*

College of Engineering , Babylon University, Babil, Iraq

E-mail addresses: a_alhusseini16@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to show the connection among an air pollution parameter and meteorological factors in Al-Hilla town. Data consists of daily averages of three meteorological factors (1.wind speed WS (m/s), 2.air temperature T (°C) and 3.relative humidity RH ({1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52})) also, an air pollution parameter (carbon dioxide CO₂) for the period 2015-2016. In order to describe the connection between the 4 variables, the multivariate statistical analysis is used. Multiple linear regression equations are used to express the connection between meteorological parameters which represent the independent variables and concentration of air pollutant which is the dependent variable, by SPSS and Excel software. The result is: decreasing in wind speed and air temperature be accompanied by moderate decreased in CO₂ values. Increasing relative humidity be accompanied by moderate increased in CO₂ values. Linear regression analysis indicates a moderate level of connection between carbon dioxide CO₂ concentrations and the meteorological parameters in Al-Hilla city.

Keywords:  Air pollutants, meteorological parameters, correlation coefficient, regression model.

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Research Article:

Forat Yasir AlJaberi ^a* , Wadood T. Mohammed^b

^a Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, AL Muthanna University , Iraq.

^b Chemical Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Baghdad

E-mail addresses: furat_yasir@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present work is to analyze the phenomenon of electrodes consumption (i.e. anode and cathode electrodes) when it used in a batch electrocoagulation reactor for the removal of lead from a synthesis wastewater. The studied operational parameters were the electrolysis time (5-60) minute, pH value (2-12), applied current (0.2-2.6)Amperes, and the initial concentration of lead and the stirring speed were fixed at 155ppm and 150rpm respectively. Aluminum concentric tubes were used as electrodes by making the outer and inner as the anode electrode and the rest in between as the cathode electrode. Statistica-10 and Minitab-17 statistical programs were used to analyze responses via response surface methodology (RSM) technique to find the correlations that relate to all variables. The results show that both of electrodes had consumed and increased or decreased in that way belong to the operating variables. Applied current and pH value of the simulated solution were founded as the main effect of electrode consumption.

Keywords:  Simulated wastewater, Electrocoagulation, Electrodes consumption.

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