Ahmed Hashim Hameed a

Basim Hasan Hashim a

a University of Technology / Architectural Eng. Dept. – Baghdad, Iraq

E-mail addresses: 90047@uotechnology.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

The architectural studies in general dealt with the study of several concepts that have an important role in the design part as well as providing preparation and support of its requirements, procedures, and rules for a variety of aspects and details. The current research directed towards a specified study of the relationship of two influential concepts within the frame-work of architectural design. These concepts are; the method and its relationship to the state of intellectual repercussion with the necessity of introducing, clarifying and defining the general knowledge frameworks for the nature of those rela-tions and the effect of the indicators of that situation with respect to the general knowledge about them.
This research is Directed to define the general frameworks of the basic research concepts, which are both the method and the repercussion with other concepts that are influential, design, thought or thinking, to determine the cases of interconnec-tion between them and then to refer these cases to several levels, and to propose the models adopted from the studies and architectural proposals, which will determine the indicators needed to define the situation The correlation between the basic concepts of research (method and repercussion) within the framework of the field of architecture to show that the final out-come refers to the adoption of the repercussion as an instrument or preparation for the benefit of the method within the ar-chitectural design

Keywords: Method, design, idea, thinking, repercussion.

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Volume 8, Issue 1, Aug. 2020, Pages 32-41

Research Article:

Moheamen Basim Ibrhim

Asmaa Khalid

University of Technology/ Architectural Eng. Dept.

E-mail addresses: moheamen.alyassiry@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The importance of affordable housing has emerged recently due to the suffering of most urban areas and developing countries in particular from the high rates of population growth and migration to cities, in addition to the conditions of poverty and war, which led to the loss of many families for their housing units. (The need for a comprehensive knowledge framework clarifying the concept of affordable housing, choosing the best housing type and cost reduction factors (facilitation aspects) at the local level in light of the country’s urgent need for affordable housing.) Accordingly, the objective of the research was to: (Provide a comprehensive knowledge framework that clarifies the concept of affordable housing and choose the best housing type and cost reduction factors (facilitation aspects) in accordance with local privacy).

The research hypothesis : (The factors and means of reducing housing costs (aspects of facilitation mentioned in the research) at the two levels (housing complex and housing unit) as well as choosing the housing style (vertical or horizontal) a role in achieving the principle of affordable housing and solving a large part of the housing crisis.

For the purpose of solving this problem, three phases were identified, including the construction of a theoretical framework, which included (4) vocabularies (characteristics of affordable housing, cost-raising factors, cost reduction factors, and dimensions of affordable housing). This is followed by the application of these vocabulary by electing two local samples. The extent of facilitation and comparability between them. The results showed that the vertical building pattern (residential buildings) is characterized by its lack of large areas of residential land, thus it is characterized by being less expensive than horizontal construction. This does not prevent investors from building high-quality residential towers targeting the rich.

Keywords: Affordable Housing – Better Housing – Cost Reduction

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Volume 8, Issue 1, May. 2020, Pages 26-31

Research Article:

Mohammed Hammoodi Jasim^a

Karrar A. Alakoul^b

Hussein Kareem Sultan ^c

^a Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical Institute/ Al-Rumaitha, Al- Furat Al- Awsat Technical

  ^{b, c} AL-Muthanna University, College of Engineering, Samawa

E-mail addresses: mlakmhmd5277@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The research shows employing sundog cells for cooling process by design, progress of “evaporative cooling system “. All this to offer inexpensive method, devours more virtue as well as few energies in contrast with ordinary “evaporative cooling system”. Consequently, this paper focuses “in the design and creation ” direct current (DC) evaporative cooling system” incorporated with “photovoltaic (PV) system” formed from “PV panels, solar charger, converter, batteries” and insert to innermost of refrigerator by peltier . “Evaporative cooling system” depend on stellar also work in free areas. Also, solar energy is charge effectual, renewable, no environmental pollution. So finally fantastic method.

Keywords: Solar energy, Centrifugal fan, Evaporative cooling, D.C pump, Battery and peltier

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Volume 8, Issue 1, Aug. 2020, Pages 01-09

Research Article:

Ameera Jaleel Ahmed

Sabah Mohamed abd Mosehab

University of Babylon/ Faculty of Engineering/ Architecture Department

E-mail addresses: ameera_jaleel @ yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The present work is about an organized crime which is considered a serious phenomenon that generally comes upon the world and especially in the Iraqi area. In recent decades, Al- Hilla City has suffered from spread variety of crimes, which lead the citizens to lack the sense of security. For this reason, it is seen it is significant to study this phenomenon with a new parallel phenomenon which causes their appearance. In addition, it is thought that this topic has not been tackled yet. The problem of the study lies in the lack of holistic scientific knowledge about the role of the synthetic properties of spatial organization for the city of Al- Hilla in crime growing. The study aims at establishing a holistic knowledge of that role. To deal with the problem of the research, an inductive approach (descriptive- analytical) has been adopted. The data is got from the responsible security institutions and is analyzed through invest the calculation method (space syntax).

The results of the research showed that there are four areas ((4 zones) where crime is concentrated in the city and the growth of crime is related to the change of the synthetic characteristics of spatial organization (Connectivity, control, and Integration) of urban space. On the other hand, the diversity of crime in urban areas is related to other parallel phenomena and not to the structural characteristics of urban space.

Keywords: Urban Environment, Spatial organization, Connectivity, Integration, control

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Research Article:

Jenan H. Hemeidan
Ali H. Abbar

Chemical Engineering Department -Faculty of Engineering – University of Al-Qadisiyah-Iraq

E-mail addresses: hussainjenan@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The simultaneous removal of copper and cadmium from a simulated wastewater using rotating tubular packed bed of woven screens electrode was investigated. The effect of weight present of each metal on the removal efficiency and current efficiency was studied. The experiments were carried out at current 1.5 A, rotation speed 450 rpm, pH=2, and total concentration of metals (300 ppm) at different weight percent of each metal. The results showed that the removal efficiency of copper increased from 93.5 % to 99.33% as its weight percent increased from 20% to100%. In a similar fashion, the removal efficiency of cadmium increased from 80% to 90% as its weight percent increased from 20% to100 %. The results confirmed that the removal efficiency of any metals decreased in the presence of other metal. The results established that current efficiency for the simultaneous removal of copper and cadmium decreased with increasing of electrolysis time and Cd percent weight or decreasing of Cu weight percent. Current efficiency is higher at the initial stage of electrolysis and then declined with increasing time for all weight percent of metals.

Keywords:  Copper, Cadmium, Three-dimensional electrodes, Rotating cylinder electrode, Woven screens, Electrodeposition

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Research Article:

Haider Araby Ibrahim

Mohammed Bally Mahdi
Basim Jabbar Abbas

Civil Engineering Department, Al-Muthanna University, Samawa, IRAQ

E-mail addresses: arabyhaider@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study aims to progress brittleness of the high strength lightweight aggregate concrete (HSLWAC) by using Porcelinite stone as light weight aggregates and silica fume with water cement ratio 0.28 to give 41.34 MPa compressive strength at 28-days and reinforced with carbon fibers. Fifteen mixtures using in this work with three various lengths of (5mm, 10mm, and 20mm), five mixes for every length with volume fractions (0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2%) of carbon fibers. The slump test, compression strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and modulus of elasticity were investigated to determine the mechanical properties of (HSLWAC). The density of reference (HSLWAC) that was get through the experimental work was (1835 Kg/m3) at (28) days. The results shown that at general, the brittleness of (HSLWAC) improved with increased the content and length of carbon fibers, The optimum properties was for mix (L5) of 20mm length and 2% of carbon fibers of 45.44 MPa, 3.21MPa ,and 6.97MPa for compression strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength respectively.

Keywords: Light weight high strength concrete, Carbon Fibers, Silica Fume, compressive strength.

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Research Article:

Gufran A. Hassan

Jawad A. Hassan

department of electronic and communication engineering,University of
Baghdad Institute of Laser for Postgraduate Studies, Baghdad –Iraq

E-mail addresses: gofabdh@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

A nanoantenna is designed to transform high frequency into energy. The proposed antenna is made of aluminum. are shaped with a pair of nanoparticles brought in close nearness. Antennas separated by small gap sprinted on a Si layer, which is designed as a flat-edge bowtie, with a ground plane at the under most of the substrate with a feeding putting in the gap of the bowtie antenna. The proposed antenna is designed using 3D￾electromagnetic solver (CST) programs and analyzed for the optimization of metal thickness, gap size, and geometrical length. Simulations are conducted to investigate the behavior of the nanoantenna illuminated by the linearly polarized plane wave. The nanoantenna parameters such as substrate
thickness, feeding size, feeding type, and feeding material were changed to select the most efficient nanoantenna with a large directivity in our reaserch find the nanoantenna make a high electric field enhancement in their gap region. This specialty can be employed for SERS or bioventing to improve
the detection limit and measure the presence of single molecules. For this, it is necessary to create antennas with enough small gaps, to be capable to recompense for the defects created during the fabrication process and reach antenna characteristics that are close to the ones presage by simulations.
The numerical simulations are studied to improve the best E-field of the antenna within the 250–700 THz frequency range. The proposed antenna offers multiple-resonance frequencies and good return loss in the frequency band of 310 THz, as well as an output electric field of 5.48 v/m to 7.8 v/m. Upon changing the type of feeding in the gap (without feeding, air feeding, dielectric silicon, or feeding),and we find that when using the air between the gap, the S-parameter is (-12.9) dB at the resonance frequency of (531.3) THz
and the directivity is 7.41 dB at 666 THz incident frequency.

Keywords: electric field, plasmonic, s-parameter, directivity.

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Research Article:

Sarmad Sh. Abdulqader^a, Ragheed F. makki^b and Mohanad W. Mousa^{c *}

^a Assistant Professor, Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology.

^b Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa.

^c Postgraduate Student at Building and Construction Engineering Department, University of Technology

E-mail addresses: mzad2010@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper presents an experimental study of structural behavior of self-compacting reinforced concrete beams strengthened in shear by inclined CFRP strips. The experimental work consists of casting and testing of nine simply supported reinforced concrete beams. In this study, three parameters were considered, the configuration of CFRP sheets wrapping system, i.e two sides and U-shape, effect of horizontal strap of CFRP strips and CFRP strengthening area. The results showed that the presence of the horizontal strap of CFRP strips on the inclined strips increases the shear strength and the ultimate carrying load capacity by 8 to 15% and 7 to 10%, respectively in compare with the wrapping system of the CFRP strips.

Keywords:  Self-Compacting Concrete, shear strength, Reinforced Concrete, CFRP Strips

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Research Article:

                             أ.م. د وحدة شكر الحنكاوي¹, محمود حسين محمد علي²

الجامعة التكنولوجية/ قسم هندسة العمارة¹, جامعة الكوفة/ كلية التخطيط العمراني²

E-mail addresses: wahdahankawi@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Cities pass through several transformations during their stages of development, the most influential was the one that accompanied the industrial revolution and modernity, resulting in scattered structures, functional requirements and industrial activities that affected cities spatially. The advancement of knowledge, technological development, innovation, and industrial progress in the post-industrial era had a great impact on the adoption of more technological applications in conjunction with the global transformations and globalization, this has resulted in the phenomenon of neglected buildings. which has been reflected in buildings, structures, industrial zones, and the quality of urban fabric, and its scene, from which the problem of research was identified as “lack of cognitive perception showing the impact of neglected buildings on the urbans cape “. In order to address the research’s problem, a comprehensive theoretical framework was developed for the concept of abandoned buildings, the main reasons, levels of abandonment, and neglect in general. The most important suggestions the impact the quality of the urbans cape, in particular, the research has reached special conclusions, recommendations, procedures and requirements for the owners of buildings to achieve and reduce its negative impact on the urban-scape.

Keywords: Abandoned Buildings, Urban-Scape, Urban Fabric, Urban Decomposition.

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Research Article:

Ali K. Khtar^a, Dr Jamal A. Khudhair^a

^aCivil Engineering Department, Engineering College, university of Basrah , Iraq

E-mail addresses: alikadrkhatar1986@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study investigates (experimentally and analytically) “the flexural behavior of six T-section beams cast with self-compacting concrete (SCC) which contain recycled concrete aggregate as a partial replacement of coarse aggregate. The beams have two concentrated loads. Beams have two longitudinal steel ratios of (ρ1=0.0004 and ρ2=0.00077). The tested beams were divided into two groups- depending on span to effective depth (a/d) ratio the longitudinal steel ratio. Each group was casted using three type of mixtures with different RCA replacement ratio (0{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} ,50{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}, 75{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}). The SCC T-beams have (a/d) ratio of 3 and total length of (2.1 m) and all beams have gross section area of (0.504) m2. As well as ANSYS-14 program was used to analyze these beams by nonlinear finite element method. Test results showed that, when increasing the RCA replacement ratio to 50{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} the cracking load decreased by average 15.5{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and ultimate load was not affected. When increasing the RCA replacement ratio to 75{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} the cracking load and ultimate load decreased by average 31{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and 9.4{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} respectively, the deflection and crack width of the tested beams increases with increasing RCA replacement ratio, when the steel ratio increased from ρ1 to ρ2 the first cracking load and ultimate load increased by average 20.5{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} and 46.2{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52} respectively. The deflection and crack width of the tested beams decreases with increasing longitudinal steel ratio. The finite element model gives good agreement with the experimental results with difference within 8{1524fc3db9b9185e4da51c194ca3b05c06ae483421403c447a0666442f370a52}.”

Keywords:   T-beam, Self-Compacting Concrete, Recycle Concrete Aggregate, Flexural Behavior

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Research Article:

Esraa Jassim Mohammad and Mazen Dewan Abdulla

Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, University of Basrah, Iraq

E-mail addresses: esraajm23@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a study of the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete two-way slabs with opening strengthened by Carbon Fiber Reinforced polymer sheets.

The experimental work included testing 10 specimen two-way slabs with opening, which include 4 control specimens and 6 strengthened with CFRP sheets. The dimensions of the slab specimens are (800 × 800) mm, (70) mm depth and they were made of normal strength concrete. The reinforced concrete slabs containing a single eccentric and concentric opening strengthened by CFRP sheets, has been investigated, also the behavior of unstrengthened slabs and the slab without openings has been studied. These slabs were arranged in four groups and four layouts of CFRP sheets has been considered. The slabs were tested with uniformly distributed loads and simple supports on the four edges. The results showed that the load-carrying capacities have been increased of the slabs with openings strengthened with CFRP sheets when compared with the slabs without strengthening.

Keywords:  Two way slab; Slab with openings; CFRP sheets.

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Research Article:

           عمر حازم خروفة

قسم هندسة العمارة/جامعة الموصل

E-mail addresses: omararch2003@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Sustainability concept with all its multi levels and branches is considered one of the most important concepts used within many developmental sectors today which is ruled by technological, political and economical challenges equally .The modern presentations of sustainable architecture concept has referred to the existence of many sides which are missed by many of us and classified outside  sustainable architecture concept, furthermore, most of these presentations have be raised during the second half of the last century, but the new century came with new presentations which adopted new forms of the concept, all sustainable architecture presentations referred to the possibility of applying it according to environmental, social, economical and functional considerations. Treatment of these considerations is with, first: physical relates to the tangible sides such as spaces and resources, while the second side, is behavioral connected to the humanitarian characteristics related to the concept with all its ideas and directions concerning the movement function, activity and living status, etc. The current research deals with the criticism and analysis (methods and means of applying sustainability concept in the constructions) through a descriptive analysis for all the sustainable constructions and the effect of the applying the concept on them with different forms.

Keywords:  Sustainability –  Sustainable Architecture –  Sustainable Buildings

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Research Article:

Hussein M. Ashour Al. Khuzaie^a, Ameera Mohamad Awad^a

Mohammed Fadhil Abbas^a

^aDepartment of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering,

Al Muthanna University, Iraq

E-mail addresses: hma@mu.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

This study presents results of a developed hydraulic model to the surface friction roughness (Manning’s coefficient) for the Euphrates River along 110 km within Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq. Hydraulic modeling was used a tool for determination of surface friction coefficient. A typical value of surface friction roughness for open natural channels ranges between 0.025 to 0.04 was used as an initial input data for HEC-RAS hydraulic model. while in this study the calculated value of the surface roughness was compared with those observed and it was found to be in best agreement with the modeled when using value is 0.04.

Keywords:  

Euphrates River, HEC-RAS model, Manning’s coefficient, Steady flow.

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Research Article:

Isam Mohamad Ali^a*, Ali Hadi Adheem^b

^{a, b} Karbala Technical Institute, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Karbala, Iraq

E-mail addresses: ali_isam@ymail.com

ABSTRACT

Historically, the flexural behavior of hybrid fiber cement composites is not completely understood using the traditional test methods. This research presents the results of an experimental investigations on a high performance cement composites (HPCC) containing both micro steel fibers (SF) and micro polypropylene fibers (PP) before and after elevated temperature exposure. The experimental program was developed to study the flexural performance (flexural strength, toughness and stiffness) under high temperature using mono and hybrid (SF) and (SF + PP) fibers. Mixtures were divided into eight different groups, with constant w/c of 0.28 and different fibers content.
Based on the results of this research, the replacing of micro (SF) in high performance cement composites by 15 % of micro (PP) fibers is recommended at high temperature exposure due to the fact that all hybrid fiber HPCC specimens show slight decreasing in flexural behavior compared to samples reinforced with 1% volume fraction of mono steel fibers after high temperature exposure.

Keywords:  flexural strength, cementitious composites, mono and hybrid fibers, elevated temp, FRC, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber.

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