Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (50-57)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/50-57

Research Article By:

Ahmed Ghanim Wadday

Corresponding author E-mail: ahmadghw@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces the design of rectangular multi-band H-shaped microstrip antenna with rectangular slot (RMSA). A special H-structure with constant substrate thickness was simulated for the proposed antenna, and the effects of different stub sizes on rectangular patch antenna performance were investigated. A balanced patch antenna has been designed and analyzed at frequencies of (1 to 6.5 GHz). COMSOL Multiphysics program was used for the simulation. The resonant frequencies and radiation characteristics were analysed. Different frequencies used for Radio Frequency Identification RFID, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax) and computer network applications were tackled.

Keywords: COMSOL, muti-band, micro strip antenna, resonant frequency.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (42-49)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/42-49

Research Article By:

Raid R. Al-Omari, Hussein Mandeel Ashour and Basim Jabbar Abbas

Corresponding author E-mail: tosharaid@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the effect of soil-pile cap interaction on the dynamic behavior of the soil-pile system under vibrations. Vertical vibration tests were conducted using experimental models of pile footings embedded in a finite dry sand layer. The pile footings consist of two groups of circular piles with spacing/diameter (S/d) ratio equals to 5; the length/diameter (L/d) ratio for first group was 13.3 and for the second was 20. Each group includes models with different number of piles. A physical model made of steel box of dimensions of 700 × 700 mm and 800 mm in height was used for accommodation the test model. In order to study the effect of cap interaction, the first tests were conducted where a gap was left between the caps and sand surface as reference, and the second tests all caps in contact with sand surface. The maximum displacement amplitudes and the corresponding resonant frequencies of the experimental system were measured using vibration meter and accelometer fixed on the top of the pile cap. The results of both groups indicated that the pile cap interaction significantly increases the vertical amplitudes and increases slightly the resonant frequencies in different proportions.

Keywords: Vertical displacement amplitude, resonant frequency, length of pile/diameter ratio (L/d), spacing of piles/diameter ratio (S/d), pile groups.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (32-41)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/32-41

Research Article By:

Ali Ahmed Mohammed

Corresponding author E-mail: aliukm@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper determines the coordination system pattern of traffic signal for four intersections in Cheras town at Malaysia. The data required for the study were mainly collected through video filming technique during the peak hour. Besides, the calculation and evaluation were constructed with simulation model software Traffic was used to evaluate the possible coordination of both signalized intersections. The calibration of delay, queues and journey times were practically measured. The results showed that the value of delay, journey time, and stops were reduced the before optimization from (F) LOS after optimization to (C) with performance index (PI). Simulation helps decision makers identify different possible options by analyzing enormous amounts of data. Hence, it can be used effectively to analyze traffic flow patterns and signal light timing at the traffic congestion.

Keywords: Optimization, TRANSYT, intersection, simulation, PI.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (17-31)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/17-31

Research Article By:

Arkan Kh. Al-Taie and Ali Hayder Mutib

Corresponding author E-mail: arkanaltaie@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

A numerical simulation to investigate the performance of solar chimney power plant is presented. A small scale model of solar chimney power plant was modelled by using FLUENT software. The solar chimney power plants consist of three essential elements, glass roof collector, chimney (tower) and wind turbine. The output power of the system depends on the input velocity to wind turbine. The turbine inlet velocity is a function of collector – chimney junction type. To solve the governing equations of conservation of mass, momentum, energy. Do-intensity k and Ɛ equations the finite volume method was adopted by FLUENT software to model and analyze such system. The results showed that the geometry of entrance region (collector-chimney junction type) has an effect on the performance parameters especially air flow velocity. Using curved or rounded junction with deflector will improve system mass flow rate by 37.65% as compared with straight junction.

Keywords: Solar chimney, numerical simulation, junction type, performance parameters.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (10-16)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/10-16

Research Article By:

Nabaa Shakir Hadi

Corresponding author E-mail: nabaalshimmri@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the residential solid wastes characteristics and energy content in Hilla city in the middle of Iraq. The solid waste characteristics, and energy content of Hilla city were found by selecting one area, which represent different lifestyles. Data of samples were collected from 13 multi-storey buildings in the Tuhmaziya region in Hilla city through 2013. The refuse was classified into ten categories (food wastes, paper, plastics , glass, textiles, rubber, tin cans , wood, cardboard, and garden trimmings, etc). The food category was found to be 46.31% of the total weight, and moisture content of 37.52 %. The chemical formula of a residential solid waste of Hilla city was found to be C_802.3 H_2630.3 O_1074.3 N₁₈ with sulfur and without sulfur as C_44.6 H_146.1 O_59.7 N. The energy content (dry basis) was found to be 12369 kJ/kg.

Keywords: Energy content, residential solid wastes, chemical formula, Hilla city.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (01-09)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/01-09

Research Article By:

Riadh A. Abass and Mustafa Sh. Zewair

Corresponding author E-mail: mm812000@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This research is devoted to investigate the effect of CFRP strips on the behavior and load carrying capacity of strengthened I-section reinforced concrete deep beams. The experimental program variables include configurations of CFRP, spacing between CFRP and type of loading (monotonic or cyclic load) on the behavior of strengthened deep beams. The experimental test results confirm that the strengthening technique of CFRP system is applicable and can increase the shear capacity for strengthened of RC beams. In this study, the ultimate load capacity of the strengthened beams ranged between 18% to 38% under monotonic load and between 11% to 26% under cyclic load over the ultimate load capacity of the reference beam. For beams including CFRP changing the spacing of the strips from 50mm to 20mm, increased the strength of the beam by 17%. For beams subjected to cyclic load the mode failure is nearly the same as that of beams subjected to monotonic load and the cyclic loading produced somewhat less brittle behavior in beam under cyclic loading.

Keywords: CFRP, cyclic load, I-section, strengthened.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (68-74)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/81-87

Research Article By:

Nabel Kadum Abd-Ali

Corresponding author E-mail: nabelkadum@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The current work deals with the design of new rubber compounds as a viable alternative for commercial compounds used in diaphragm actuator of brake systems in most commercial vehicles like trucks, tractor-trailers and buses. Two new recipes were proposed to work instead of commercial recipe with experimental and analytical study to prove the high performance properties and workability. The finite element method by ANSYS 13 software was used to study the behavior of these compounds with Mooney-Rivlin 2-parameters during the work pressure range. Most of the results are acceptable competitive.

Keywords: Rubber, diaphragm, brake chamber, stress analysis, Mooney-Rivlin.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (57-67)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/57-67

Research Article By:

Mazen D.Abdulah

Corresponding author E-mail: mazend081@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Experimental study of the flexural behavior of repaired reinforced concrete two way slabs with epoxy injection study in this paper. Eleven simply supported reinforced concrete slabs are used, five of which are made with (NSC), four with (HSC) and two with (LWC). The slabs is repair by used epoxy injection method. The aim of repair method is to increase or at last restore flexural strength of these slabs and to monitor their post-repair load-deflection behavior. Investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete two way slabs with different concrete compressive strength before and after repaired with epoxy injection is studied. Also, the efficiency of repaired after loading to the different level between (100%-66%) of the ultimate load obtained for control slab is investigated. The experimental results of repaired two way slabs indicate that; the repair method used is successful to restore or increase the capacity of slabs; the lower-strength slabs is higher increase in capacity compered with other slabs; after retesting the crack repaired do not reopen, instead, new nearby cracks are developed. In repaired slabs the the structural behavior is similar to that of original slabs, however, a lower stiffness and greater ductility are observed.

Keywords: LWC, light weight concrete, NWC, normal strength concrete, HSC, high strength concrete, w/c water to cement ratio.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (51-56)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/51-56

Research Article By:

Hussein Yousif Aziz

Corresponding author E-mail: husseinyousif3@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT

The problem of this study is that the building of foundation by stones at the present time leads to develop cracks in the superstructure. Therefore, the solutions and the right manner were suggested for building the stone in the small and big structures. This paper studies using and properties of stones in building of foundations, that the stone is rigid and stiff in the same time very cheap for building, especially in the regions wealthy with stone. The models were taken for analyzing, firstly experimentally in the field site and secondly by Plaxis Program using the Finite Elements with the same properties of the soil and calculate the vertical displacement, vertical strain, factor of safety and bearing capacity. It can be concluded that the using of the reinforced columns in the small foundation in addition to the beam and stones will reduce the vertical displacement and strain to lower values, maintain high value of bearing capacity and increase the factor of safety that makes the structure becomes safer. Also for the big structures like bridges another models were used with higher loadings and the same above parameters were calculated, the stone with special requirements approved to improve and treat the soil parameters even for the big structures.

Keywords: Rock mechanics, foundation engineering, bearing capacity, Plaxis program.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (43-50)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/43-50

Research Article By:

عمار رزاق حسن

Corresponding author E-mail: ammarr.alshemary@uokufa.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

In this research was conducted thermal coating process to follow flame spray technology through the use of gaseous mixture consisting of oxygen and acetylene for the purpose of obtaining the surface layer of nickel plating – Aluminum (metco450) on the surface of medium carbon steel type (AISI 1050). Provide an increase in the mechanical properties of the surface of the metal guide and compensate for the missing parts of the surface as a result of the process of wear and tear. Was conducted in three successive phases, first phase involved the preparation of models and to create the basis for this surface models as well as the preparation of powder coating and analyze the chemical components of the models and powder coating. While the second phase involved the implementation of the coating process (nickel – aluminum) using a flame spray coating process was carried out in different ways for each model through a change in the granular size of the powder coating. The third phase of the research included the testing of standard tests check adhesion, examination of roughness, check the wear and tear and check the hardness of the coating as well as microscopic examination of the paint and the surface layer basis. Where results showed that increasing the size particleboard from (25μm) to (75μm) led to increased wear rate and a decrease in adhesion coating layer, as noted increased roughness layer coatings increase size particleboard for powder coating, also led to increase size particleboard for powder coating to a decrease in hardness layer paint.

Keywords: Flame spraying, coating nickel aluminum, medium carbon steel, particle size.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (37-42)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/37-42

Research Article By:

Muslim A. k. Al-Kannoon

Corresponding author E-mail: moslemphd@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This investigation aims to improve the stress-strain behavior and mechanical properties of lightweight concrete in order to use it in structural members. Special type of lightweight concrete was produced in this study prepared by mixing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC type I) and white gravel of low specific gravity, sand with very low percentage of 10% from gravel weight, and w/c ranged from 0.42 to 0.46, silica fume added as percentage from cement weight and STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) was added also in different percentages (5%, 10% and 15%). The main mixes 1:5 (cement: gravel) and 1:4 were used in this study. The tests in this research include stress- strain tests for both ascending and descending portions, compressive strength test, tensile strength test, flexural strength test and density of specimens. The most significance effect done by adding 15% SBR resin and gives (110%) increment in compressive strength for 1:4 mixes and (142 %) increment for1:5 mixes. For mixes 1:5 and by adding 15% SBR, the tensile strength increased 100%, flexural strength increased also 62% and density of specimens increased 8.2% , but more significant effect is seen for mixes 1:4, the increased in tensile and flexural strength and density of specimens were 138%, 109% and 7.71% respectively. The values of modulus of elasticity increased also compared with reference mixes and have excellent values ,by adding 15%SBR the increment was (58 %) for 1:4 mixes, and (150 %) increment for 1:5 mixes, that increments are very important to reduce the deflection in concrete members such as slabs and beams, therefore, like this polymer concrete can be used as structural members.

Keywords: Stress-strain behavior, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, lightweight concrete, polymer concrete, SBR.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (23-36)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/23-36

Research Article By:

Basim Hasan Al-Majedi and Ahmed Hashim H. El-Eqapy

Corresponding author E-mail: Dr.basim_arch@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The Contemporary narratives focused on the study of the architectural design process of general framework of an understanding of the important elements of the path of the process and ended to focus on the concept of innovation as a concept overarching all the bases underlying innovation in the process illustrates the design in architecture, hence the need arose to study the impact of the rest of the concepts adjacent it to strengthen and assigning creative path in general and its role in influencing the detailed stages of cost in particular. This paper goals are of defining general principles of the conceptions creativity and the importance of theory in architecture and classification stages of cost in addition to the display of vocabulary and concepts important adjacent and influential in the course design and productive to know the research problem is not so obvious effect of (check) concepts Utility (adjacent) in track design creative in Architecture the aim is to clarify the above and down to form a theoretical framework is Knowledge clear indications of what has been applied to the product of an architect specializing in order to explore the impact of these indicators achieved the objective of the research and then head to put the final conclusions and recommendations.

Keywords: Creative, consciousness, cognition, perceptual, thought.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (14-22)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/14-22

Research Article By:

سؤدد عبد الغني شياع

Corresponding author E-mail: sodad754@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The research design evaluate the performance of Architecture Department students in the subject of the drawing architecture and presentation . If tool focuses interesting research on generating data sheets for students of Architecture Department – Muthanna University in an article drawing and presentation architectural the second phase for the academic year 2014-2015 in the final test in accordance with the tool designed. The consisted Find the extent of the problem of students mastering the skills of drawing architectural and presentation of it is the most important skill that must be mastered student of architecture in this area where the display gives the final design of the project an important indicator of student abilities and his skill. Performing has adopted a researcher descriptive analytical method based on the starters induction and deduction in determining the performing skills that must be mastered by the student in the subject of the drawing and the display architecture, where the research community of (30) in accordance produced by architecture students in the final exam of a material drawing for the academic year 2014- 2015. The tool was tested on a random sample of student work of (10). The researcher designed tool to (20) paragraph researcher used statistical means the arithmetic average – link Pearson coefficient – ranks Spearman coefficient is to establish Measure – Cooper equation and the program of statistical (MINITAB -14). This resulted Find tool are valid and reliable estimate of grades suitable for students in the subject of architectural drawing and the display is more objective than it was previously estimated.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (09-13)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/09-13

Research Article By:

Ameera Mohamad Awad

Corresponding author E-mail: ameer.wisam2005@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Selection of appropriate Manning’s coefficient is critical to the accuracy of computed water surface profiles. Moreover, estimation of channel roughness parameter is of key importance in the study of open- channel flow particularly in hydraulic modeling. Hence, it is essential to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient for open channel whether natural or artificial. In the present study, it is attempted to calibrate the value of Mannnig’s “n” coefficient by comparing the computed water surface profiles with observed one, using HEC-RAS steady flow model for shatt al-Rumaith channel in Al-Muthanna (Iraq). For this calibration, the flows for the year 2014 has been considered. It is found that the value of Manning’s roughness coefficient for shatt al-Rumaith shows a good agreement between the computed with observed water surface profiles, is n=0.023 and n= 0.04 for main channel and floodplain respectively.

Keywords: Manning’s roughness coefficient, HEC-RAS model, calibration, water surface profiles, shatt Al-Rumaith.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (01-08)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/01-08

Research Article By:

Huda Mohammed Selman

Corresponding author E-mail: hudamohammad20@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Noise pollution around the Al-Muthanna university in Al-Samawah city was measured to study the effects on the teaching-learning processes and performance of both teachers and students during November and December 2014. Digital Sound Level Meter (model a GM1351 ) was used to measure the noise level, In twelve selected buildings for the study as indoor sites and the park and main door of the university as outdoor sites . The measurements at the buildings were carried out in three different time intervals of the day i.e. in the morning 8:00-10:00am, 10:00-12:00 pm and 12:00-2:00 pm. Noise intensity was also measured in two points at an interval of half hour. After recording of daily measurements of noise level, the hourly average noise level for each point of the building and for the whole buildings were calculated. As well as the total average of noise levels was calculated in order to compare it with the allowable limits of EPA for educational institutions. The maximum noise level was found in college of education (81.8) dBl and the minimum value in college of nursing which was equal(73.3) dBl. The study results show that the rate of noise level in an indoor and outdoor sites is very high and not suitable for teaching-learning processes. Therefore Acts and regulations concerning noise pollution should be strictly adopted.

Keywords: Noise pollution, noise level meter, university campus.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (75-87)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/75-87

Research Article By:

Ammar Salman Dawood and Ahmed Naseh Ahmed Hamdan

Corresponding author E-mail: ammars.dawood@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In order to evaluate the quality of groundwater for drinking suitability purposes, a total of 27 groundwater samples from wells in southwest of Basrah city have been analyzed for various geochemical parameters. The aim of this research was to find the physicochemical quality of ground water in the southwest of Basrah. The results show that the quality of groundwater regarding the physical and chemical parameters of southern Basrah is unsuitable for drinking purposes. The total hardness (TH) was very high and it was in the ranged (740-6950) mg/l, also the electrical conductivity (EC) was very high and ranged (1720- 18030) μS/cm, while the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a value less than 100 mg/l for (TH) and 750μs/cm for (EC). According to the international and national standards the allowable concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) should not exceed 500 mg/l, while the groundwater samples of the study area shows a range of (1200-10790) mg/l, therefore it is considered very high. Moreover, the other physicochemical properties of groundwater were analyzed and compared with those of drinking water standards recommended by the WHO. Groundwater for irrigation has been studied by using the rating of water samples in relation to salinity and sodium hazard graph. As a result of the study, only one sample was accepted for irrigation.

Keywords: Groundwater, aquifer, water quality index, Basrah wells.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (104-114)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/104-114

Research Article By:

عبدالله عذيب مشاري

Corresponding author E-mail: abdmshari_1957@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The work aims to study the joining process of to pices Aluminum alloy 7075 with each other using filler metal of copper or ( Tin + Lead ) by means of friction stir welding. A group of specimens were joined by friction stir welding method without metallic filling and using different velocities and different welding tool. Another specimen were taken with the same previous conditions but using metallic filler of copper or ( Tin + lead ) ( the filling metal used in Soldering) . It was evident the interference of this filler with the base metal (7075) with the assurance of granular growth in the region of interference, while when using the filler of copper type, no interference exist but the copper was found separated in the form of tapes around the region of its interference with the base metal. It was also found that the higher rotational speed will result in higher refragement in copper.

Keywords: Filler metal, friction stir welding, fusion zone, advanced side, retread side.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (95-103)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/95-103

Research Article By:

Haider Araby Ibrahim

Corresponding author E-mail: arabyhaider@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In this paper, Silica Fume (S.F.) be used for reinforce pozzolanic cement paste and the effect of using many weight percentages as (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) to lessening the concrete weight as a cement replacement in concrete mixtures on the mechanical properties was studied. High range water reducing added to decrease the water demand of the concrete, when silica fume added. Moreover, (0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15%) are the proportions of polypropylene Fibers (P.P.F.) by volume, which used to improve the pervious concrete mechanical properties, physical, and mechanical properties of hardened concrete containing voids ratio, compression strength, and flexural strength and, splitting tensile strength investigated. The density of reference pervious concrete that was get through the experimental work was (1835 Kg/m³) at (28) days ,it permeability coefficient (K) and voids content was (0.324) cm/s, and (30.21%) successively, The results shown important increase in compression, splitting tensile and flexural strengths of pervious concrete containing silica fume and (P.P.F.) comparison with reference pervious concrete. The mixture of (10%) of (SF) and (0.1%) of (P.P.F.) gave optimum increased in the compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths compared with the reference mix and the results (47.8%, 29.21%, and 24.41%) respectively.

Keywords: Pervious concrete, polypropylene fibers, silica fume, compressive strength, permeability coefficient, voids content.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (88-94)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/88-94

Research Article By:

Yahya k. Atemimi and Khitam Abdulhussein Saeed

Corresponding author E-mail: eng.yahya.kadum@uobabylon.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

The Kaolinite soil is considered as a problematic soil due to its low strength with high water content, low density and low permeability. So, there are attempts to improve the engineering properties of this type of soil by mixing it with different additives. In this study the Date seeds powder was used in two forms, first: as a powder (DSP) and mixed with the Kaolin soil at different percentages by weight (3%, 5%, 7% and 10%), and second, the powder was burned at 450^OC for 4 hours in furnace (DSPB) then mixed with Kaolin soil at different percentages by weight (3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%). The results show an increase of 755% in the strength of the Kaolinite soils at 5% DSPB as compared to the origin strength when testing in unconfined compressive strength test UCS. Also, the results show a decrease in plasticity index for all mixture percentages in DSPB by 26.2% using 10%DSPB. Curing time results show high percent of increase in strength from 170 to 310 kN/m² for 0 to 28 days respectively, this increase equal to 1386% from strength of reference soil.

Keywords: Soil improvement, kaolinite clay, UCS, date seed powder, curing time.

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Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (66-74)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/66-74

Research Article By:

شمائل محمد وجيه الدباغ

Corresponding author E-mail: shamael.dabbagh@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This research examines the physical helth care environments and explores how to utilize (indoor water features) for regenerating people spirit. Although much research supports the idea that natural elements may help alleviate stress and anxiety, but bringing nature into the public interior spaces is problematic. There is a lack of research about the relationship between the helth care physical spaces, stress, and indoor water features. This study investigates how to utilize (indoor water features) in the helth care public spaces that may help reduce stress potential. The absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework for the role of water feature as an effective restorative element that may reduce stress by providing a pleasant affect, and exploring its implicit psychological aspects constitutes the main research problem. In view of the problem under investigation, the goal of the present research is defined to arrive at the identifying of the main strategies to reduce stress potential by using indoor water features in the public helth care spaces. Arriving at the aforementioned aim requires building a theoretical framework, and then the application of the framework to selected interior helth care spaces images (with various water features) in order to test the validity of the hypothesis. Finally research findings, a set of recommendations are put forward.

Keywords: Water features, anxiety and stress, public waiting spaces, health care buildings.

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