Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2021, Pages 06-19

Research Article:

Jinan Hassan M. AlAnbaky^a

Hadeel Saad razoki al-mur’ib^b

^aUruk University, Baghdad, Iraq

^bArchitectural Engineering Department / Al-Muthanna university

E-mail addresses:

jana_arch@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Previous knowledge has shown a concept revealing different boundaries and relations of building spaces with its outer shell; which represent the boundaries of these spaces. This concept is called interstitial space which is based on creating an interlocution and communication within this space giving a new understanding of meaning and a new approach in architectural formation. This concept of knowledge description has varied as it is linked once to its nature or again to the built environment levels whether it’s architectural or urban diverged within the academic and social context, as well as the blurring relationship nature of this space with the structural system of the building. Therefore, the problem state of this research, which goal focuses on, is highlighted as “the urge to investigate the concept of interstitial structure characteristics”. Yet the methodology of the research is based on the descriptive and analytical approach consisting of three phases; phases one  is to build a theoretical framework about the characteristics of the interstitial space in architecture; second is to conduct a practical study and identify several samples of buildings vary in their structural systems (traditional, structural and space); then analyze data and identify the conclusions of which the interstitial space grows and expands physically and expressively with the presence of the recent constructive systems and the lack of presence of the Interstitial spaced has led to spatial differentiation and closed toward inside especially those designed parametrically and reflect it in the other traditional and structural constructive systems.

Keywords: Interstitial space, structural System, building shell, form/structure.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages90-102

Research Article:

Othman Hameed Zinkaah

Assistant Lecturer, Department of civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Almuthana University

E-mail address: Al_azawy2001@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

 The present investigations consider the effect of hybrid micro steel- polypropylene fibers on high strength concrete. The fractions of steel and polypropylene fibers are 1% and 0.5% by volume respectively. Many mixes have been investigation by combination between steel fibers and polypropylene fibers with different percentages it is (0%S.F-100%P.P.F), (100%S.F- 0%P.P.F), (25%S.F, 75%P.P.F), (50%S.F-50%P.P.F), (75%S.F-25%P.P.F) in addition to reference mix. Properties of high strength concrete such as compressive strength, splitting strength, flexural strength, static modulus of elasticity, and absorption have been studied. The results showed that, the compressive strength decrease by about 28% when adding (0%S.F- 100%P.P.F), and there are a small increasing with adding (100%S.F-0%P.P.F). However the results showed that there are an inverse relationship between compressive strength and theamount of polypropylene fibers. Experimental work also showed that adding (0%S.F-
100%P.P.F)decrease the splitting strength by about 16%, while using hybrid fibers increase the splitting strength but less than its increasing when adding (100%S.F-0%P.P.F). It can beconcluded that, the maximum effect of hybrid fibers is on the flexural strength, it is reach to 128% more than reference mix. Furthermore absorption increases by using polypropylene fibers.

Keywords: steel fibers, polypropylene fibers, high strength concrete, compressive strength, splitting strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages75-89

Research Article:

Nabil M. A. Hussian

(Ph.D) College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University
E-mail address: abilali75@yahoo.com

Ali M. Lafta

(M.Sc) College of Engineering , Al.Muthanna university
E-mail address:  alicivel@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

 This paper presents an analytical research on behavior of columns confined with FRP subjected to axial load and uniaxial bending moment, by using finite element method and ANSYS-14.To indicate the accuracy of this program, five reinforced concrete columns strengthened with carbon fibers from the experimental testing of previous researches are reanalyzed by ANSYS program.The results showed that the percentage of experimental ultimate load to analytical ultimate load are (99.4, 99.6, 99.8, 97.5 and 97.2) %,and there is a reasonable agreement between the load-deflection curves for experimental and analytical results for all studied columns. The effects of important parameters on the ultimate load andthe ductility of the column are studied.The results showed that the ultimate load and the ductility areincreased by 60.3% and 118.8% as the compressive strength increased from 22MPa to 40Mpa.The study shows, that the increasing in CFRP layers lead to increasing in theultimate load and the ductility of the column, The maximum increasing in the ultimate load and ductility for the column are 78% and 69.4% respectively.The results showed that ,the ultimate load and the ductility are increased by 24.1% and 23% respectively when the percentage of steel area is increased from 1% to 4%.Finally, loads with several eccentricities from the center of the column are studied, the results show a significant reduced value in the ultimate load for confined column by 51% at load eccentricity value equal to 125mm.While the column ductility reduced to 42% for the same load eccentricity.

Keywords: column, CFRP, strengthen, eccentrically load, FEF, ANSYS-14

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages60-74

Research Article:

 Riadh A. Abass

Professor, Dept. of civil engineering, College of engineering, Al.Muthanna University
E-mail address: readh_56@yahoo.com

 Ahad Z. Hamoodi

Ass. Lecturer, Dept. of civil engineering, College of engineering, University of Basrah
E-mail address: msc_eng_ah@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

An experimental Study was conducted to investigate the size effect on the flexural behaviour of sand-porcelinite lightweight aggregate reinforced concrete one way slabs (SPLWAC OWS). In order to get a clear results, eight slabs were casted, and six of them were strengthened with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips. To investigate the size effect, four slabs were of 300 mm width, 1500 mm length and 80 mm depth and the others were of 300mm width, 2000 mm length and 108 mm depth. The present study showed that the SPLWAC OWS showed a reverse size effect. The failure mode was by yield of steel for the control un-strengthened slabs, while it was by yield of steel followed by rupture of CFRP strips for the strengthened slabs. Also, the results of this study were compared with those obtained by the ACI equations. This comparison showed that the ultimate moment strength and deflection obtained by the ACI equations were always less than those obtained experimentally.
.

Keywords: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer strips, Sand-porcelinite lightweight aggregate
concrete One way slabs, Monotonic loading, Variable amplitude loading.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages46-59

Research Article:

 Riadh A. Abass

Professor, Dept. of civil engineering, College of engineering, Al.Muthanna University
E-mail address: readh_56@yahoo.com

Mustafa Sh. Zewair

Ass. Lecturer, Dept. of civil engineeri, College of engineering, University of Basrah
E-mail address: mm812000@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The experimental program consisted of testing four I-section reinforced concrete deep beams strengthened with CFRP strips made from lightweight concrete (porcilinate). The experimental program variables include configurations of CFRP. Experimental results obtained from the adopted strengthening CFRP techniques show a significant improvement in the behavior and shear carrying capacity of reinforced concrete deep beams. A stiffer loaddeflection response is observed for beams strengthened with CFRP strips as compared with response of control deep beam and the inclined CFRP strips give better enhancement than the vertical CFRP strips in ultimate load, deflection and crack width. Nonlinear finite element analysis is performed using the ANSYS-11. The Comparison between experimental results and numerical results indicates that numerical models can successfully used to simulate similar cases. Where the ultimate numerical load to ultimate experimental load ranged between (88%-96%). And good agreement for (load–deflection) curves between numerical and experimental.

Keywords: ANSYS, CFRP, I-section, Lightweight, Strengthened.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages38-45

Research Article:

 Ali Husain Hawi
Engineering Collage, Baghdad University

E-mail addresses: hawy63@yahoo.com.

ABSTRACT

 Glass – ceramic material as main component in aerospace application ( shuttle ), biomaterial for the veneering of metal restoration in destroy. In this work glass-ceramic from raw material ( Oxides + BaO ) was prepared. The XRD analysis showed that the heat treatment causes a very rapid crystallization process and at 900 °C, a new phase, MgFe2O4 structure appears in the glass matrix. Addition of different weight percentage of Magnesium metal to glass – ceramic were studied to estimate some properties such as density , young modulus, and hardness. The results show decreasing in density to 2.06*103 when add 9%Mg , this result prefer in application of glass-ceramic, especially in aerospace application ( window of shuttle ). The addition of 9% Mg leads to increase young modulus ( E ) to ( 73.5 Gpa). Mg addition on glass-Ceramic leads to decrease Hardness to (260.5 HB at 9% Mg). Microstructure inspection show the gradually spread of Mg metal through the glass matrix leading to a consolidate for all the alternative properties.

Keywords: Addition of Mg , Glass ceramic, density , mechanical properties.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages 25-37

Research Article:

 Dr. Ayad Kadhum Hussein
University of Kufa/College of Engineering/Structural and Water Resources Engineering
Department

E-mail addresses:  Dr.ayad.alkafajy@Gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) relationship of rainfall amount is one of the most
commonly used tools in water resources engineering for planning designing, and operation of
water resources projects. The objective of this research is therefore, to develop operational
IDF relationships for the provinceof Kerbala based on historical data. The IDF curves have
been developed considering application to Kerbala area and presented in the form of general
mathematical equation, curves relating Intensity–Duration-Frequency of rainfall. The IDF
curves are plotted for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100-year return periods in Kerbala. The values of
the constants α, γ and exponents β, τ in the IDF function are calculated from the observed
precipitation data by using different methods.Using themethods ofgoodness of fit has been
reached in Kerbala that the Log Pearson type III is the best method of other methods.

Keywords:plotting position,rainfall frequency analysis.

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages11-24

Research Article:

 Dr. Ragheed Fatehi Makki

 Department Of Civil Engineering, Engineering College, University of Kufa

E-mail addresses: Ragheed.Almutwali@uokufa.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

No-Fine concrete filled double steel tube columns (CFDST) are being increasingly used for
structural applications. It has been used for submerged tube tunnels, nuclear containment,
liquid and gas retaining structures, vessels under external pressure in very deep water and for
compression members in offshore construction, this is due to the aesthetic appearance, ease of
maintenance and simple of construction. The (CFDST) columns also have excellent resistance
to seismic loads and fire. This paper comprises of an experimental study on the structural
behavior of double steel tubular columns filled with No-Fine concrete under axial load. Eight
samples of double steel circular tubes with different diameters for the inner and outer tubes
are used, with different slenderness ratios (L/r), different ultimate strengths of No-Fine
concrete ( f c′). Also two cases are study for (CFDST) samples first with hollow inner tube and
second with completely filled inner and outer tubes with No-Fine concrete.
The experimental results show that the effect of height (the slenderness (L/r) ratio) on the
ultimate strength of CFDST columns will have a reverse relation. While the effect of uniaxial
compressive strength ( fc′) and the effect of fully filling the core of internal tube on the ultimate
strength of CFDST columns will have an increase relation.

Keywords: No- Fine Concrete, Compression Members, Concrete Filled Double Steel Tubes
(CFDST)

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Volume 3, Issue 1, December, Pages 01-10

Research Article:

 Dr. Nabaa Shakir Hadi

College of Engineering, University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq

E-mail addresses: nabaalshimmri@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to statistical analysis of quality parameters of Maamera sewage treatment plant at Hilla city. The plant designed to serve 50000 populations and it is operating on biological treatment method(Activated Sludge Process) with an average wastewater inflowof 12000 M3D. Wastewater data were collected yearly by Mayoralty of Hilla from the influent and effluent in Maamera Sewage treatment plant for major water quality parameters, such as biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, T, chloride (Cl) over a period of six consecutive years. performance efficiency of the plant has been estimated for each year. A multivariate statistical technique of the data has been attempted by applying Cluster analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The result reveals that the overall performance of the existing was satisfactory. Cluster analysis shows that years ( 2009, 2010 , 2011 and 2012) indicate a good level of treatment compared to that compared to that of 2007 and 2008. Final effluent quality(in term of mean value of six consecutive years) does not meet the stringent regulations proposed by the Iraqi National Standards set by the Regulation 25 of 1967. The BOD5/COD ratio of the
influent was calculated as 0.49 in total wastewater.

Keywords: Maamera sewage treatment plant, Cluster analysis, Statistical analysis.

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Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2021, Pages 01-05

Research Article:

Dawood Zahi Khutar^a

^aAl-Muthanna University, College of Engineering ,Department of Electronic and Communications

E-mail addresses: dawoodzahi@mu.edu.iq:

ABSTRACT

Distance learning is something really familiar nowadays. In the past few years, our world has witnessed a massive revolution in the world of information technology and provided simple ways to obtain information at reasonable prices. Today, sharing information is an integral part of every person’s life. Devices such as phones, tablets, and smartphones have become the main focus of digital life. With technological progress, electronic devices go through stages of software development that allow them to perform additional, more complex tasks, and process a larger flow of information. Almost everyone between the ages of 10 and 60 owns a mobile device. So mobile apps are always up to date. Therefore, it is quite logical to use the mobile application as an auxiliary element in the educational system, especially as it provides many services such as accessing the Internet, browsing the web, sending e-mails, exchanging multimedia messages and files and providing instant messaging applications with audio and video. Focusing on employing technology in education and its curricula, regardless of its level, is considered very important. This work diagnoses what users prefer when using the e-learning application through a questionnaire distributed to a group of university students to collect data on their preferences regarding mobile applications for e-learning.

Keywords:mobile application programming, e-learning, educational process, learner, distance learning.

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Email address: kareem_najem@yahoo.com