Category: Uncategorized

Statistical analysis of quality parameters of Maamera sewage treatment plant

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (1), Year (30 December 2014), Pages (01-10)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2014-03-01/01-10

Research Article By:

Nabaa Shakir Hadi

Corresponding author E-mail: nabaalshimmri@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to statistical analysis of quality parameters of Maamera sewage treatment plant at Hilla city. The plant designed to serve 50000 populations and it is operating on biological treatment method (Activated Sludge Process) with an average wastewater inflow of 12000 M3D. Wastewater data were collected yearly by Mayoralty of Hilla from the influent and effluent in Maamera Sewage treatment plant for major water quality parameters, such as biological oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), pH, T, chloride (Cl) over a period of six consecutive years. performance efficiency of the plant has been estimated for each year. A multivariate statistical technique of the data has been attempted by applying Cluster analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The result reveals that the overall performance of the existing was satisfactory. Cluster analysis shows that years ( 2009, 2010 , 2011 and 2012) indicate a good level of treatment compared to that compared to that of 2007 and 2008. Final effluent quality (in term of mean value of six consecutive years) does not meet the stringent regulations proposed by the Iraqi National Standards set by the Regulation 25 of 1967. The BOD5/COD ratio of the influent was calculated as 0.49 in total wastewater.

Keywords: Maamera sewage treatment plant, cluster analysis, statistical analysis.

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Assessment of natural radioactivity levels and radiation hazards for building materials used in some selected provinces in Iraq

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (80-84)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/80-84

Research Article By:

Muhannad Kh. Mohammed

Corresponding author E-mail: muhannad62@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The radioactive properties of building materials used for the construction of habitable structures in Iraq were investigated in this study. In the framework of this paper, ten samples of commonly used building materials (bricks and rocks used for incasing) were collected from ten Iraqi provinces for radiometric analysis. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides in the selected samples were determined by gamma ray spectrometry using sodium iodide (NaI) detector. Based on the results of this study, the use of rocks for incasing manufactured in Al-Rumadi is considered to be unsafe for human habitation from radiological points of view due to relatively high background radioactivity. The radioactivity levels for building materials for the remaining investigated areas were well within the permissible limits.

Keywords: Natural radioactivity levels, radiation hazards, building materials.

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Structural behavior of self compacting concrete

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (69-79)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/69-79

Research Article By:

Jamal Abdul-Samad Khudair and Aqeel Hatem Chkheiwer

Corresponding author E-mail: aqeelcivil@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the influence of type of concrete (self compacting concrete (SCC) and normal concrete (NC)) and compressive strength (30, 50 and 62 MPa) on the flexural and shear behavior of reinforced concrete beams, as well as punching shear of slabs. To achieve these targets, 18 beams and 6 slabs are equipped, tested and assessed. The tested beams were divided into three groups, the first group consists of six beams failed in flexure, the second group contains six beams without web reinforcement failed in shear with shear span/depth ratios of 3 (slender beams), the third group consists of six beams without web reinforcement failed in shear with shear span/depth ratio of 1 (deep beams), each group consisted of three SCC and three NC geometrically similar rectangular beams of different concrete strengths. Test results indicated that, for beams failing in flexure, SCC beams showed similar ultimate load to NC beams. For slender beams failing in shear, the ultimate load for beams with fc’ of about 32 and 48 MPa, NC beams showed 6.75 % higher ultimate load compared with SCC beams, but beams with fc’ of about 62 MPa, SCC and NC beams showed almost the same ultimate load value. For deep beams, no considerable difference in ultimate loads for SCC and NC beams was noticed. For the six geometrically similar slabs (three slabs made with SCC and three slabs made with NC of different concrete strengths) which were designed to fail in punching shear, it was found that, SCC slabs exhibited 17.25 % higher ultimate punching shear load than NC slabs.

Keywords: Self-compacting concrete, structural behavior, flexure, shear, punching shear.

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Punching shear resistance of lightweight concrete two way slabs strengthened with CFRP strips

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (58-68)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/58-68

Research Article By:

Mazen D.Abdulah

Corresponding author E-mail: mazend_81@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to investigate the experimental behavior of reinforced concrete light weight concrete two-way slabs stiffened by CFRP strips to punching load and compare the results with the finite element model results. The experimental program includes testing a total of 14 slabs (800 x 800 x 70) and (800 x 800 x 90) mm. The slabs are divided into two groups; each group consists of seven slabs. In each group of seven slabs, one slab was left without strengthening as a reference slab, while each slab of the remaining six slabs has a different CFRP distribution. The effect thickness of slabs and shape of the CFRP distribution on the punching shear strength of slabs are studied. All slabs in this study are designed to fail in punching shear. During the test, the slabs are simply supported on all four edges and loaded centrally by a (75 x 75) mm column. Load deflection curves, cracking patterns and effect of variables on the test results are discussed. Experimental results showed that, the CFRP strengthening increased the ultimate punching load of the slabs by (9-26) %, also the first cracking load increased by (38-141) %. The strengthened slabs showed less deflection during loading by about 24% compared to the non- strengthened slabs. Increasing the slab depth gives changes to the slabs punching strength. The slabs are modeled by three dimension finite elements and non-linearly analyzed by the ANSYS program where the concrete is represented by the eight nodes solid element (solid 65) and the CFRP strips are represented by (3D shell 41) with a perfect bond between the CFRP and concrete slabs. Finite elements results showed a comparable results to laboratory tested slabs and the difference is not more 12% in ultimate load.

Keywords: CFRP, solid 65.

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Performance analysis of H-shape multi-band with rectangular patch micro strip antenna

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (50-57)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/50-57

Research Article By:

Ahmed Ghanim Wadday

Corresponding author E-mail: ahmadghw@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper introduces the design of rectangular multi-band H-shaped microstrip antenna with rectangular slot (RMSA). A special H-structure with constant substrate thickness was simulated for the proposed antenna, and the effects of different stub sizes on rectangular patch antenna performance were investigated. A balanced patch antenna has been designed and analyzed at frequencies of (1 to 6.5 GHz). COMSOL Multiphysics program was used for the simulation. The resonant frequencies and radiation characteristics were analysed. Different frequencies used for Radio Frequency Identification RFID, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wimax) and computer network applications were tackled.

Keywords: COMSOL, muti-band, micro strip antenna, resonant frequency.

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Effect of soil-pile cap interaction on the dynamic response of rotary-machine foundations

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (42-49)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/42-49

Research Article By:

Raid R. Al-Omari, Hussein Mandeel Ashour and Basim Jabbar Abbas

Corresponding author E-mail: tosharaid@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the effect of soil-pile cap interaction on the dynamic behavior of the soil-pile system under vibrations. Vertical vibration tests were conducted using experimental models of pile footings embedded in a finite dry sand layer. The pile footings consist of two groups of circular piles with spacing/diameter (S/d) ratio equals to 5; the length/diameter (L/d) ratio for first group was 13.3 and for the second was 20. Each group includes models with different number of piles. A physical model made of steel box of dimensions of 700 × 700 mm and 800 mm in height was used for accommodation the test model. In order to study the effect of cap interaction, the first tests were conducted where a gap was left between the caps and sand surface as reference, and the second tests all caps in contact with sand surface. The maximum displacement amplitudes and the corresponding resonant frequencies of the experimental system were measured using vibration meter and accelometer fixed on the top of the pile cap. The results of both groups indicated that the pile cap interaction significantly increases the vertical amplitudes and increases slightly the resonant frequencies in different proportions.

Keywords: Vertical displacement amplitude, resonant frequency, length of pile/diameter ratio (L/d), spacing of piles/diameter ratio (S/d), pile groups.

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The effect of entrance region geometry on solar chimney power plant performance

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (17-31)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/17-31

Research Article By:

Arkan Kh. Al-Taie and Ali Hayder Mutib

Corresponding author E-mail: arkanaltaie@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

A numerical simulation to investigate the performance of solar chimney power plant is presented. A small scale model of solar chimney power plant was modelled by using FLUENT software. The solar chimney power plants consist of three essential elements, glass roof collector, chimney (tower) and wind turbine. The output power of the system depends on the input velocity to wind turbine. The turbine inlet velocity is a function of collector – chimney junction type. To solve the governing equations of conservation of mass, momentum, energy. Do-intensity k and Ɛ equations the finite volume method was adopted by FLUENT software to model and analyze such system. The results showed that the geometry of entrance region (collector-chimney junction type) has an effect on the performance parameters especially air flow velocity. Using curved or rounded junction with deflector will improve system mass flow rate by 37.65% as compared with straight junction.

Keywords: Solar chimney, numerical simulation, junction type, performance parameters.

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Characteristics and compositions of solid wastes from Altuhmaziya region in Hilla city

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (10-16)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/10-16

Research Article By:

Nabaa Shakir Hadi

Corresponding author E-mail: nabaalshimmri@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The main objective of the present study is to investigate the residential solid wastes characteristics and energy content in Hilla city in the middle of Iraq. The solid waste characteristics, and energy content of Hilla city were found by selecting one area, which represent different lifestyles. Data of samples were collected from 13 multi-storey buildings in the Tuhmaziya region in Hilla city through 2013. The refuse was classified into ten categories (food wastes, paper, plastics , glass, textiles, rubber, tin cans , wood, cardboard, and garden trimmings, etc). The food category was found to be 46.31% of the total weight, and moisture content of 37.52 %. The chemical formula of a residential solid waste of Hilla city was found to be C802.3 H2630.3 O1074.3 N18 with sulfur and without sulfur as C44.6 H146.1 O59.7 N. The energy content (dry basis) was found to be 12369 kJ/kg.

Keywords: Energy content, residential solid wastes, chemical formula, Hilla city.

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Behavior of I-section reinforced concrete deep beams strengthened with CFRP strips subjected to monotonic and cyclic load failing in shear

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (3), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2015), Pages (01-09)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2015-03-02/01-09

Research Article By:

Riadh A. Abass and Mustafa Sh. Zewair

Corresponding author E-mail: mm812000@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This research is devoted to investigate the effect of CFRP strips on the behavior and load carrying capacity of strengthened I-section reinforced concrete deep beams. The experimental program variables include configurations of CFRP, spacing between CFRP and type of loading (monotonic or cyclic load) on the behavior of strengthened deep beams. The experimental test results confirm that the strengthening technique of CFRP system is applicable and can increase the shear capacity for strengthened of RC beams. In this study, the ultimate load capacity of the strengthened beams ranged between 18% to 38% under monotonic load and between 11% to 26% under cyclic load over the ultimate load capacity of the reference beam. For beams including CFRP changing the spacing of the strips from 50mm to 20mm, increased the strength of the beam by 17%. For beams subjected to cyclic load the mode failure is nearly the same as that of beams subjected to monotonic load and the cyclic loading produced somewhat less brittle behavior in beam under cyclic loading.

Keywords: CFRP, cyclic load, I-section, strengthened.

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Diaphragm Actuator Design with New Rubber Compounds

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (68-74)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/81-87

Research Article By:

Nabel Kadum Abd-Ali

Corresponding author E-mail: nabelkadum@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The current work deals with the design of new rubber compounds as a viable alternative for commercial compounds used in diaphragm actuator of brake systems in most commercial vehicles like trucks, tractor-trailers and buses. Two new recipes were proposed to work instead of commercial recipe with experimental and analytical study to prove the high performance properties and workability. The finite element method by ANSYS 13 software was used to study the behavior of these compounds with Mooney-Rivlin 2-parameters during the work pressure range. Most of the results are acceptable competitive.

Keywords: Rubber, diaphragm, brake chamber, stress analysis, Mooney-Rivlin.

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Flexural Behavior of Repaired Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Different Typed of Concrete

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (57-67)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/57-67

Research Article By:

Mazen D.Abdulah

Corresponding author E-mail: mazend081@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Experimental study of the flexural behavior of repaired reinforced concrete two way slabs with epoxy injection study in this paper. Eleven simply supported reinforced concrete slabs are used, five of which are made with (NSC), four with (HSC) and two with (LWC). The slabs is repair by used epoxy injection method. The aim of repair method is to increase or at last restore flexural strength of these slabs and to monitor their post-repair load-deflection behavior. Investigate the behavior of reinforced concrete two way slabs with different concrete compressive strength before and after repaired with epoxy injection is studied. Also, the efficiency of repaired after loading to the different level between (100%-66%) of the ultimate load obtained for control slab is investigated. The experimental results of repaired two way slabs indicate that; the repair method used is successful to restore or increase the capacity of slabs; the lower-strength slabs is higher increase in capacity compered with other slabs; after retesting the crack repaired do not reopen, instead, new nearby cracks are developed. In repaired slabs the the structural behavior is similar to that of original slabs, however, a lower stiffness and greater ductility are observed.

Keywords: LWC, light weight concrete, NWC, normal strength concrete, HSC, high strength concrete, w/c water to cement ratio.

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Using of Stones in Building the Foundations

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (51-56)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/51-56

Research Article By:

Hussein Yousif Aziz

Corresponding author E-mail: husseinyousif3@hotmail.com

ABSTRACT

The problem of this study is that the building of foundation by stones at the present time leads to develop cracks in the superstructure. Therefore, the solutions and the right manner were suggested for building the stone in the small and big structures. This paper studies using and properties of stones in building of foundations, that the stone is rigid and stiff in the same time very cheap for building, especially in the regions wealthy with stone. The models were taken for analyzing, firstly experimentally in the field site and secondly by Plaxis Program using the Finite Elements with the same properties of the soil and calculate the vertical displacement, vertical strain, factor of safety and bearing capacity. It can be concluded that the using of the reinforced columns in the small foundation in addition to the beam and stones will reduce the vertical displacement and strain to lower values, maintain high value of bearing capacity and increase the factor of safety that makes the structure becomes safer. Also for the big structures like bridges another models were used with higher loadings and the same above parameters were calculated, the stone with special requirements approved to improve and treat the soil parameters even for the big structures.

Keywords: Rock mechanics, foundation engineering, bearing capacity, Plaxis program.

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Effect of change in particle size of the powder coating (Ni- Al) thermally sprayed by flame on the mechanical properties of the coating layer

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (43-50)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/43-50

Research Article By:

عمار رزاق حسن

Corresponding author E-mail: ammarr.alshemary@uokufa.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

In this research was conducted thermal coating process to follow flame spray technology through the use of gaseous mixture consisting of oxygen and acetylene for the purpose of obtaining the surface layer of nickel plating – Aluminum (metco450) on the surface of medium carbon steel type (AISI 1050). Provide an increase in the mechanical properties of the surface of the metal guide and compensate for the missing parts of the surface as a result of the process of wear and tear. Was conducted in three successive phases, first phase involved the preparation of models and to create the basis for this surface models as well as the preparation of powder coating and analyze the chemical components of the models and powder coating. While the second phase involved the implementation of the coating process (nickel – aluminum) using a flame spray coating process was carried out in different ways for each model through a change in the granular size of the powder coating. The third phase of the research included the testing of standard tests check adhesion, examination of roughness, check the wear and tear and check the hardness of the coating as well as microscopic examination of the paint and the surface layer basis. Where results showed that increasing the size particleboard from (25μm) to (75μm) led to increased wear rate and a decrease in adhesion coating layer, as noted increased roughness layer coatings increase size particleboard for powder coating, also led to increase size particleboard for powder coating to a decrease in hardness layer paint.

Keywords: Flame spraying, coating nickel aluminum, medium carbon steel, particle size.

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Stress-Strain Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Silica Fume Lightweight Polymer Concrete

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (37-42)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/37-42

Research Article By:

Muslim A. k. Al-Kannoon

Corresponding author E-mail: moslemphd@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This investigation aims to improve the stress-strain behavior and mechanical properties of lightweight concrete in order to use it in structural members. Special type of lightweight concrete was produced in this study prepared by mixing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC type I) and white gravel of low specific gravity, sand with very low percentage of 10% from gravel weight, and w/c ranged from 0.42 to 0.46, silica fume added as percentage from cement weight and STYRENE BUTADIENE RUBBER (SBR) was added also in different percentages (5%, 10% and 15%). The main mixes 1:5 (cement: gravel) and 1:4 were used in this study. The tests in this research include stress- strain tests for both ascending and descending portions, compressive strength test, tensile strength test, flexural strength test and density of specimens. The most significance effect done by adding 15% SBR resin and gives (110%) increment in compressive strength for 1:4 mixes and (142 %) increment for1:5 mixes. For mixes 1:5 and by adding 15% SBR, the tensile strength increased 100%, flexural strength increased also 62% and density of specimens increased 8.2% , but more significant effect is seen for mixes 1:4, the increased in tensile and flexural strength and density of specimens were 138%, 109% and 7.71% respectively. The values of modulus of elasticity increased also compared with reference mixes and have excellent values ,by adding 15%SBR the increment was (58 %) for 1:4 mixes, and (150 %) increment for 1:5 mixes, that increments are very important to reduce the deflection in concrete members such as slabs and beams, therefore, like this polymer concrete can be used as structural members.

Keywords: Stress-strain behavior, compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, lightweight concrete, polymer concrete, SBR.

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The Adjacent Conceptions Effect on Creativity According to Detailed Path for Creation Process

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (23-36)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/23-36

Research Article By:

Basim Hasan Al-Majedi and Ahmed Hashim H. El-Eqapy

Corresponding author E-mail: Dr.basim_arch@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The Contemporary narratives focused on the study of the architectural design process of general framework of an understanding of the important elements of the path of the process and ended to focus on the concept of innovation as a concept overarching all the bases underlying innovation in the process illustrates the design in architecture, hence the need arose to study the impact of the rest of the concepts adjacent it to strengthen and assigning creative path in general and its role in influencing the detailed stages of cost in particular. This paper goals are of defining general principles of the conceptions creativity and the importance of theory in architecture and classification stages of cost in addition to the display of vocabulary and concepts important adjacent and influential in the course design and productive to know the research problem is not so obvious effect of (check) concepts Utility (adjacent) in track design creative in Architecture the aim is to clarify the above and down to form a theoretical framework is Knowledge clear indications of what has been applied to the product of an architect specializing in order to explore the impact of these indicators achieved the objective of the research and then head to put the final conclusions and recommendations.

Keywords: Creative, consciousness, cognition, perceptual, thought.

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Hydraulic Model Development using HEC-RAS and Determination of Manning Roughness Value for Shatt Al-Rumaith

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (09-13)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/09-13

Research Article By:

Ameera Mohamad Awad

Corresponding author E-mail: ameer.wisam2005@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Selection of appropriate Manning’s coefficient is critical to the accuracy of computed water surface profiles. Moreover, estimation of channel roughness parameter is of key importance in the study of open- channel flow particularly in hydraulic modeling. Hence, it is essential to calibrate the channel roughness coefficient for open channel whether natural or artificial. In the present study, it is attempted to calibrate the value of Mannnig’s “n” coefficient by comparing the computed water surface profiles with observed one, using HEC-RAS steady flow model for shatt al-Rumaith channel in Al-Muthanna (Iraq). For this calibration, the flows for the year 2014 has been considered. It is found that the value of Manning’s roughness coefficient for shatt al-Rumaith shows a good agreement between the computed with observed water surface profiles, is n=0.023 and n= 0.04 for main channel and floodplain respectively.

Keywords: Manning’s roughness coefficient, HEC-RAS model, calibration, water surface profiles, shatt Al-Rumaith.

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Investigation of Noise Levels Within Al-Muthanna University in Al-Muthanna Province Iraq

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (1), Year (30 June 2016), Pages (01-08)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-01/01-08

Research Article By:

Huda Mohammed Selman

Corresponding author E-mail: hudamohammad20@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Noise pollution around the Al-Muthanna university in Al-Samawah city was measured to study the effects on the teaching-learning processes and performance of both teachers and students during November and December 2014. Digital Sound Level Meter (model a GM1351 ) was used to measure the noise level, In twelve selected buildings for the study as indoor sites and the park and main door of the university as outdoor sites . The measurements at the buildings were carried out in three different time intervals of the day i.e. in the morning 8:00-10:00am, 10:00-12:00 pm and 12:00-2:00 pm. Noise intensity was also measured in two points at an interval of half hour. After recording of daily measurements of noise level, the hourly average noise level for each point of the building and for the whole buildings were calculated. As well as the total average of noise levels was calculated in order to compare it with the allowable limits of EPA for educational institutions. The maximum noise level was found in college of education (81.8) dBl and the minimum value in college of nursing which was equal(73.3) dBl. The study results show that the rate of noise level in an indoor and outdoor sites is very high and not suitable for teaching-learning processes. Therefore Acts and regulations concerning noise pollution should be strictly adopted.

Keywords: Noise pollution, noise level meter, university campus.

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Investigation the Microstractural and Mechanism for the Friction Stir Welding of 7075 Aluminum Zinc Alloy

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (104-114)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/104-114

Research Article By:

عبدالله عذيب مشاري

Corresponding author E-mail: abdmshari_1957@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The work aims to study the joining process of to pices Aluminum alloy 7075 with each other using filler metal of copper or ( Tin + Lead ) by means of friction stir welding. A group of specimens were joined by friction stir welding method without metallic filling and using different velocities and different welding tool. Another specimen were taken with the same previous conditions but using metallic filler of copper or ( Tin + lead ) ( the filling metal used in Soldering) . It was evident the interference of this filler with the base metal (7075) with the assurance of granular growth in the region of interference, while when using the filler of copper type, no interference exist but the copper was found separated in the form of tapes around the region of its interference with the base metal. It was also found that the higher rotational speed will result in higher refragement in copper.

Keywords: Filler metal, friction stir welding, fusion zone, advanced side, retread side.

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Effect of Silica Fume and Polypropylene Fibers on the Mechanical Properties of Pervious Concrete

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (95-103)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/95-103

Research Article By:

Haider Araby Ibrahim

Corresponding author E-mail: arabyhaider@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In this paper, Silica Fume (S.F.) be used for reinforce pozzolanic cement paste and the effect of using many weight percentages as (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) to lessening the concrete weight as a cement replacement in concrete mixtures on the mechanical properties was studied. High range water reducing added to decrease the water demand of the concrete, when silica fume added. Moreover, (0.025%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.15%) are the proportions of polypropylene Fibers (P.P.F.) by volume, which used to improve the pervious concrete mechanical properties, physical, and mechanical properties of hardened concrete containing voids ratio, compression strength, and flexural strength and, splitting tensile strength investigated. The density of reference pervious concrete that was get through the experimental work was (1835 Kg/m3) at (28) days ,it permeability coefficient (K) and voids content was (0.324) cm/s, and (30.21%) successively, The results shown important increase in compression, splitting tensile and flexural strengths of pervious concrete containing silica fume and (P.P.F.) comparison with reference pervious concrete. The mixture of (10%) of (SF) and (0.1%) of (P.P.F.) gave optimum increased in the compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths compared with the reference mix and the results (47.8%, 29.21%, and 24.41%) respectively.

Keywords: Pervious concrete, polypropylene fibers, silica fume, compressive strength, permeability coefficient, voids content.

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Study the Effect of Date Seed Powder on the Strength of Kaolinite Clay Soil

Muthanna Journal of Engineering and Technology

Volume (4), Issue (2), Year (30 December 2016), Pages (88-94)

DOI:10.52113/3/eng/mjet/2016-04-02/88-94

Research Article By:

Yahya k. Atemimi and Khitam Abdulhussein Saeed

Corresponding author E-mail: eng.yahya.kadum@uobabylon.edu.iq

ABSTRACT

The Kaolinite soil is considered as a problematic soil due to its low strength with high water content, low density and low permeability. So, there are attempts to improve the engineering properties of this type of soil by mixing it with different additives. In this study the Date seeds powder was used in two forms, first: as a powder (DSP) and mixed with the Kaolin soil at different percentages by weight (3%, 5%, 7% and 10%), and second, the powder was burned at 450OC for 4 hours in furnace (DSPB) then mixed with Kaolin soil at different percentages by weight (3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%). The results show an increase of 755% in the strength of the Kaolinite soils at 5% DSPB as compared to the origin strength when testing in unconfined compressive strength test UCS. Also, the results show a decrease in plasticity index for all mixture percentages in DSPB by 26.2% using 10%DSPB. Curing time results show high percent of increase in strength from 170 to 310 kN/m2 for 0 to 28 days respectively, this increase equal to 1386% from strength of reference soil.

Keywords: Soil improvement, kaolinite clay, UCS, date seed powder, curing time.

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